Vision Laboratory

The Vision Laboratory is part of the Department of Physiology at the Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical Unversity, Szeged.

The work done in the laboratory concentrates on animal and human higher visual functions.

The main technics used for the animal experiments are standard acute and chronic electrophysiological methods, extracellular single cell recordings. There are two main streams of the animal experiments.

In chronic cat experiments the properties of the anterior ectosylivan visual area (AEV) of the temporal lobe is studied. AEV is an exclusively visual area, involved in motion perception. Other chronic cat experiments focus on another areae, situated along the suprasylvian sulcus (Br 21, a, b), that seems to be involved in the object vision of the cats. Analogues of the inferotemporal area of the macaque brain is sought.

In chronic monkey experiments we study object vision in rhesus monkeys. Extracellular single unit recordings are performed over the anterior parts of the inferior temporal cortex, while the animals are performing behavioural tasks. Shape invariant properties of the inferotemporal cells are tested, using complex natural and geometrical stimuli depicted as photographs and line drawings.

In human electrophysiological and psychophysical experiments (that are performed in cooperation with the Opthalmological and Psychiatric Departments of the University) the primary and late cognitive visual evoked potentials are recorded in healthy human subjects as well as in different neurological patients (schizophrenics, Parkinsonians and Alzheimer patients). The primary positive component of the visual evoked potentials is strongly dominated by physical parameters of the stimulus, such as spatial frequency, luminance or contrast of the pattern. The late cognitive component of the human event-related potential is a parietocentral positivity that occurs when a subject detects an informative task-relevant stimulus. The amplitude of this component depends on stimulus probability and its latency is affected by task difficulty and the neurological status of the subjects.

In standard human psychophysical experiments higher visual functions of the ventral pathway are studied. These studies concentrate around two main topics. First, the invariant properties of visual object recognition is studied, using a simple visual discrimination task. Second, properties of human categorical perception is studied.